Question

Problema 800, va rog!

Answer 1

REACTIA :

14x + 50,5                                           14x + 14y + 32
___________                                     _____________
CxH2x-1OCl  +  CyH2y+2O -------->  Cx+yH2(x+y)O2 + HCl
------------------                                      ---------------------
       27 g                                                   30,26 g


1. R (randament) = Cp/Ct * 100 => Ct = Cp * 100/R => Cp = 29,66 * 100/98 => Cp = 30,26 g  ester
2. Lucrez pe reactie

CxH2x-1OCl => 12x + 2x-1 + 16+35,5 => 14x - 1 + 51,5 => 14x + 50,5
Cx+yH2(x+y)O2 => 12 (x+y) + 2 (x+y) + 32 = 12x + 12y + 2x +2y +32 => 14x + 14y + 32

14x + 14 y + 32 + 14 x + 50,5 = 166,5
28x + 14y + 82,5 = 166,5
28x + 14y = 84 / (impart totul la 14)
2x + y = 6

27g/M clorura= 30,26 g/M ester
=> M ester = 1,125 M clorura

14x + 14y + 32= 1,125 (14x + 50,5) => 
14 x + 14y + 32= 15,75 + 56,8
=> 14 y - 1,75 = 24,8 (impartim la 1,75) => 8y - x = 14

stim deja ca : 2x + y = 6 => y = 6-2x
am aflat si ca : 8 y - x=14 , astfel putem inlocui :
8(6-2x) -x = 14
48 - 16x - x = 14
-17x = -34
=> x = 2 => y = 2

C2H3OCl + C2H6O ----> C4H8O2

Answer 2

R–COCl + R'–OH–––>R–COOR' + HCl
A=R–COCl
B=R'–OH
C=R–COOR'

mA=27g
mC=29,66g
η=98%
MA+MC=166,5
A=?, B=?, C=?

η–se referă la substanța C
mC–masa practică=mp
mt–masa teoretică

η=mp*100/mt=>mt=mp*100/η=29,66*100/98=30,26g C

ν1=mA/MA=27/MA
ν2=mB/MB=30,26/(166,5–M1)

1 mol R–COCl...............1 mol R–COOR'
27/MA.........................30,26/(166,5–MA)

27/MA=30,26(166,5–MA)
30,26MA=27(166,5–MA)
30,26MA=4495,5–27MA
(30,26+27)MA=4495,5
57,26MA=4495,5
MA=78,5g/mol R–COCl
MC=166,5–78,5=88g/mol R–COOR'

R–COCl:
MA=12n+2n+1+12+16+35,5=(14n+64,5)g/mol
MA=78,5g/mol
=>14n+64,5=78,5=>14n=14=>n=1
R=CH3
Deci A=CH3–COCl

R–COOR'=CH3–COOR'
MC=12+3+12+32+12n+2n+1=(14n+60)g/mol
MC=88g/mol
=>14n+60=88=>14n=28=>n=2
R'=CH2–CH3
Deci C=CH3–COO–CH2–CH3
=>R'–OH=CH3–CH2–OH=B

Reacție:
CH3–COCl + CH3–CH2–OH–––> CH3–COO–CH2–CH3 + HCl

Răspuns corect:
B. Clorură de acetil, etanol, acetat de etil.