Un amestec echimolecular format din 3 alcooli monohidroxilici saturati omologi formeaza la ardere 1512L CO2 si o cantitate de apa care este retinuta de 1000g H2SO4 98%. Stiind ca in solutia finala H2SO4 este in concentratie de 39,87%, identificati alcoolii
Răspunsuri la întrebare
notam alcooli saturati omologi
CnH2n+2O
Cn+1H2n+4O
Cn+2H2n+6O
nr.moli CO2 = 1512/22,4 = 67,5 moli CO2 formati
ms.finala.H2SO4 = ms + a ; a = masa de apa retinuta (formata in urma reactiei de ardere alcooli)
md.H2SO4 = msxc%/100 = 1000x98/100 = 980 g
39,87 = 980x100/(1000+a)
=> a = 1458 g apa adaugata => 81 moli apa
avem amestec echimolecular de alcooli
=> b moli din fiecare alcool
b moli nb nb+b
CnH2n+2O + 3n/2O2 --> nCO2 + (n+1)H2O
1 n n+1
b moli nb+b nb+2b
Cn+1H2n+4O + (3n+3)/2O2 --> (n+1)CO2 + (n+2)H2O
1 n+1 n+2
b moli nb+2b nb+3b
Cn+2H2n+6O + (3n+6)/2O2 --> (n+2)CO2 + (n+3)H2O
1 n+2 n+3
=> CO2: nb+nb+b+nb+2b = 67,5
=> 3nb+3b = 67,5 /:3 => nb+b = 22,5
=> H2O: nb+b+nb+2b+nb+3b = 81
=> 3nb+6b = 81 /:3 => nb+2b = 27
=>
nb + 2b = 27 (-)
nb + b = 22,5
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/ b = 4,5
=> n = (22,5-4,5)/4,5 = 4
=> butanol, pentanol si hexanol