Question

Un amestec echimolecular format din izomerii cu formula moleculara C3H9N se alchileaza pana la saruri cuaternare cu 3,6 moli CH3I. Care este masa de amestec de amine supusa alchilarii?

Answer 1

folosim reactiile in mod simplificat astfel:
CH3-CH2-CH2-NH2 + 3CH3-I -> CH3-CH2-CH2-N(CH3)3]I + 2HI
CH3-CH2-NH(CH3) + 2CH3-I -> CH3-CH2-N(CH3)3]I + HI
N(CH3)3 + CH3-I -> N(CH3)4]I
amestec echimolecular inseamna numar egal de moli => x:x:x
1mol...............................3moli
CH3-CH2-CH2-NH2 + 3CH3-I -> CH3-CH2-CH2-N(CH3)3]I + 2HI
x moli.............................3x moli
1mol..............................2moli
CH3-CH2-NH(CH3) + 2CH3-I -> CH3-CH2-N(CH3)3]I + HI
x moli............................2x moli
1mol............1mol
N(CH3)3 + CH3-I -> N(CH3)4]I
x moli..........x moli
6x=3,6 => x=0,6moli
avem 1,8moli amestec
MC3H9N=36+9+14=59g/mol
n=m/M => m=n*M=1,8*59=106,2g