va rogggg din sufletttt...dau coroama jur cand imi apare notif
Răspunsuri la întrebare
1. For more than 20 years, Harry Bibring has been telling his story to thousands of pupils. He's been a living witness.
He's talked about what he saw as a Jewish child in the 1930s when the Nazis took over his home city of Vienna in Austria. He last saw his parents in March 1939 when he caught a train, part of the Kindertransport, which brought Harry and his sister to England.
Such survivors of the Nazis have visited many schools, sharing their memories, passing their first-hand stories from one generation to the next.
But there is no escaping the passing of time and the remaining survivors are now getting frail. This is the 70th anniversary of the end of the Holocaust and there won't be many more big anniversaries when teenagers will be able to hear from people who saw these events with their own eyes.
These are the last witnesses and their stories will slip from living testimonies to recorded history.
On a January morning in Hampstead School in north London, Harry Bibring talks to a group of sixth-form history students. On the wall behind him is a poster about German history and a cut-out picture of Hitler.
2nd. Forced out of school
Mr Bibring, who will be 90 this year, was forced out of his own school by the coming to power of the Nazis. He remembers seeing the burning of Vienna's synagogues and the smashing up of his father's shop, in the wave of anti-Semitic attacks in 1938, known as Kristallnacht.
Kindertransport
IMAGE SOURCE,GETTY IMAGES
image captionJewish refugees from Vienna arriving in Liverpool Street Station in London in 1939
"I remember seeing the Jews being forced to scrub the pavement. I saw that with my own eyes.
"It was the day after Kristallnacht. I came to this crowd of people. They were on the floor being kicked, their hair being pulled, their beards being pulled.
"That was the point when my parents stopped trying to make it sound like it wasn't serious. It was the first time my mother said to me, 'I don't know any more, it's getting out of hand.'"
Along with other Jewish pupils, he was forced to leave his school.
"Teachers didn't want anything to do with me, they treated me like vermin. They wouldn't speak to me or answer questions, because they were scared. They didn't want to get a reputation that they were teaching Jews, that was dangerous, bad for their career."
He says that his "non-Jewish friends dropped me on day one. They didn't want anything more to do with me. They just disappeared."
In contrast, he says his sister's friends stayed in touch and smuggled her into cinemas from which Jewish people had been banned.
3rd. I shall never understand'
More than 75 years later, it is the behaviour of his teachers that still appals him. And as evidence he produces a handwritten school report from the academic year 1937-38.
Harry Bibring
image captionHarry Bibring with students at Hampstead School
Mr Bibring was invited to give talks in Austria 10 years ago and went back to his old school. He describes it as one of the most moving days of his life.
The staff were able to give him his report, detailing his progress in lessons and then in an equally neat hand, it records that because he was a Jew he had had to leave.
"Now picture this, a bottle of ink, a pen and the teacher writes this, and he writes it in my class 12 times. I can't understand someone doing this.
Kristallnacht
image captionJewish shops were attacked in a wave of attacks on Kristallnacht
"What I shall never understand, you're talking about educated people, the teachers... they didn't protest."
Mr Bibring also carries with him the permit that allowed him to enter the UK, his teenage self looking out from official stamps and small print, giving his home address in Vienna.
He travelled with hundreds of other refugees, expecting his parents to follow a few months later. He was never to see them again, his father dying of a heart attack after he was detained and his mother dying in a concentration camp.
BAFTA ❤️ Eu cred că 3 sunt de ajuns, mai ales că e mult de scris, sper că te am ajutat ❤️