Question

WRITING Write a summary of the Big Bang theory. Follow the instructions below. Provide the main ideas in the same order as the original. • Reduce sentences, clauses and phrases. • Omit all the unnecessary details, and include only a few vital ones. Paraphrase the original version of the text using synonyms and by varying sentence structure. Use transitions and other connecting devices to make your summary flow smoothly. Avoid using direct speech
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Answer 1

Răspuns:

Big Bang

Th e Big Bang Model is a broadly accepted scientifi c theory for the

origin and evolution of our universe. According to this theory, the universe was created about 15 billion years ago from a cosmic explosion

that hurled matter in all directions.

Astronomers believe that once all the matter and energy in the

universe were concentrated in a single place. Th is place was extremely

hot and dense. Th en, sometime between 10 billion and 20 billion years

ago, an enormous and powerful explosion – the Big Bang – shot the

concentrated matter and energy in all directions. Aft er the initial Big

Bang, the force of gravity began to aff ect the matter racing outward in

every direction. Gravity caused some of the matter to come together to

form galaxies and stars. Th e clumps of matter around our own star, the

Sun, became planets. Some planets were large enough and had enough

gravity to attract matter that became moons or satellites.

In 1927, the Belgian priest George Lemaître was the fi rst to assume

that the universe began with the explosion of a primeval atom. Years

later, Edwin Hubble found experimental evidence that helped to justify

Lemaître's theory. He made observations, and stated that distant galaxies appeared to be moving away from us in every direction at a speed

proportional to their distance from the centre of the universe.

Since the Big Bang, the universe has been continuously expanding, and,

thus, the distance between clusters of galaxies has become much bigger

than it was before. Th is phenomenon is known as ‘the red shift ,. Th e stars

and galaxies were much closer to each other in the past than they are at

present. At the same time, the matter inside the galaxies continues to race

away from the area where the Big Bang had occurred.

Th e Big Bang theory also predicts the existence of cosmic background radiation (the glow left aft er the explosion itself). In 1964, this

radiation was discovered by Arno Penzias and Robert Wilson, who later

won the Nobel Prize for this discovery.

Although the Big Bang theory has been widely accepted, it will probably

never be proved. Th us it leaves a number of tough, unanswered questions.

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