Question

Indicați 2 căi de transformare a unui derivat halogenat într-un acid cu un număr mai mare de atomi de carbon.

Answer 1

1) luam ca exemplu cloroetan
CH3-CH2-Cl + H2O -> CH3-CH2-OH + HCl
3CH3-CH2-OH + K2Cr2O7 + 4H2SO4 -> 3CH3-CH=O + K2SO4 + Cr2(SO4)3 + 7H2O
CH3-CH=O + CH3-CH=O -> CH3-CH=CH-CH=O + H2O
CH3-CH=CH-CH=O + 2H2 -> CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-OH
5CH3-CH2-CH2-OH + 4KMnO4 + 6H2SO4 -> 5CH3-CH2-CH2-COOH + 2K2SO4 + 4MnSO4 + 17H2O
2) tot pentru cloroetan
CH3-CH2-Cl + Cl2 -> Cl-CH2-CH2-Cl + HCl
Cl-CH2-CH2-Cl -> CH ||| CH + 2HCl
CH|||CH + Na -> CH|||CNa + ½H2
CH|||CNa + CH3-CH2-Cl -> CH|||C-CH2-CH3 + NaCl
CH|||C-CH2-CH3 + 2HCl -(Na2O2)-> CH3-CH2-CH2-CHCl2
CH3-CH2-CH2-CHCl2 + H2O -> CH3-CH2-CH2-CH=O + 2HCl
3CH3-CH2-CH2-CH=O + K2Cr2O7 + 4H2SO4 -> 3CH3-CH2-CH2-COOH + K2SO4 + Cr2(SO4)3 + 4H2O